![]() ![]() ![]() “We get the sense that the only obstacle in this case is availability of the receipt or a similar type of proof of purchase. They were silent for a week before they finally agreed to repair my drifting Joy-Cons without a receipt or a payment, but they also said they wouldn’t change their policies because of it: So I asked them if they were seriously denying every retailer in Australia was supplied the Joy-Cons through Nintendo Australia by the international Nintendo corporation that manufactures and distributes them worldwide. Setting aside the fact that we are not the supplier, it has not even been established whether the supplier obtained the products from us.” We have no obligation to meet your demand to provide a free repair or replacement within 14 days. “The supplier is in fact the retailer who sold the products to you. Nintendo Australia’s response? They denied that they were the supplier of the controllers, arguing the responsibility was on the retailer. Because I live in Melbourne, CALC recommended sending Nintendo Australia a formal letter summoning them to the Victorian Civil & Administrative Tribunal if they didn’t provide me with a free repair within a fortnight, as is the right of all legal owners of defective products under Australian consumer law. It didn’t seem legal to me, so I contacted the Consumer Action Law Centre (CALC) to talk about my options. Why would anybody send their Joy-Cons to Nintendo Australia for repairs if it meant they’d have to pay Nintendo almost the entire cost of a new set of controllers? Why would anybody pay Nintendo $20 just to verify the Joy-Cons are broken, something they’d already know, only for Nintendo to send them back? Please respond to this email and notify Customer Service should you wish to take this option.” If this quote is rejected and the product is to be returned unrepaired an Appraisal Charge of $20.00 AUD will still apply.Īlternatively, we can dispose of the product at no cost should you not require it be returned. This amount includes labour, administration and related costs. There is cost of $100.00 AUD for the work required on this Service Order should a valid proof of purchase not be provided. “If a valid proof of purchase cannot be provided then there will be a cost to perform the work required. When I asked Nintendo Australia what would happen if I didn’t have a proof of purchase, or I couldn’t provide one, they offered me three equally undesirable resolutions: Even if I’d purchased the controllers from a different country, they would still be classified as defective given they possess a major problem rendering them inoperable after what can be as little as two months of normal play. They are the same controllers with the same defect in every region and have been the subject of lawsuits all over the world, as recently in January. Finally, the “proof of purchase” shouldn’t matter: Joy-Cons are centrally produced and distributed by Nintendo internationally to Nintendo Australia, which supplied them to the retailer I purchased the controllers from initially. Secondly, I’m transgender and reluctant to look over documents that might expose me to my dead name. I wasn’t sure when I bought my Joy-Cons, only that I bought them in the country before Joy-Con drift was a problem, and I’m a renter on a low income so it isn’t always possible for me to keep receipts. So when my second Joy-Con also started drifting, I filled out Nintendo’s form and mailed them both controllers, assuming the problem would be fixed.īut Nintendo had a different plan, asking for a “proof of purchase” before they would proceed with the repairs. I couldn’t send my first Joy-Con to Nintendo during the pandemic as the repair centre in Scoresby was closed. ![]()
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![]() “For now we are focused primarily on growth-stage companies,” Abrams said. CEO of Sportradar and has spent time at ESPN and UEFA. Abrams is an owner of the Premier League’s Crystal Palace and a former private equity partner of Philadelphia 76ers and New Jersey Devils owner Harris Blitzer Sports & Entertainment.Two sports executives are deepening their roots in the industry through the creation of an investment firm.ĭavid Abrams and Arne Rees have co-founded Velocity Capital Management, a firm planning to invest up to $50 million in early-stage companies in the sports, media, and entertainment sectors with enterprise values of up to $2 billion. ![]() Last year, the team purchased a 326-acre property in Arlington Heights, a suburb northwest of the city, for $197.2 million.Ĭhicago mayor Lori Lightfoot has sought to explore constructing a dome atop Soldier Field and growing its capacity to 70,000 from 61,500 in an attempt to keep the team and allow the city to host major events like the Super Bowl. While Soldier Field has been home to the Bears since 1971, it may soon lose them as tenants. The team has incorporated housing units into its site development plan. The city is leasing around 26 acres of land originally tagged for public housing to the Fire to build an $80 million practice facility.
![]() ![]() and Dalano Banton will be in the G League. The over-under is 226.5, with the over and the under both at -110. Toronto is -164 on the moneyline, while Milwaukee checks in at +138 (bet $100 to win $138). The latest odds from FanDuel Sportsbook have Toronto as -4 favorites against the spread, with this squad -110 (bet $110 to win $100) to cover. Will the Raptors be able to take down one of the best teams in the league and begin the arduous process of climbing their way back into the postseason hunt? Can Milwaukee continue to assert itself as an elite club on both sides at Toronto’s expense? Milwaukee Bucks vs. As things stand right now, Nick Nurse’s team is outside of the playoff picture. With Antetokounmpo reasserting himself as an MVP favorite and arguably the best player in the game, Toronto will need another masterclass from Pascal Siakam to keep themselves from falling even further down the standings. ![]() Giannis Antetokounmpo makes the Milwaukee Bucks a deadly opponent by himself, but adding him to names like Jrue Holiday and Brook Lopez shows why this team is regarded as one of the very few elite teams that the league has to offer. The latest Raptors odds, despite all the commotion, are projecting a Toronto victory. Despite the fact that the Toronto Raptors ended 2022 well with a victory over the Suns, a road loss against the Pacers to begin 2023 has once again ruined some of the good vibes that this team has had going for them. ![]() ![]() ![]() Since the glyphs were available both as logograms and syllabograms, Mayans could use of a quick logogram where they wanted to convey the message quickly, or could resort to the use of a syllabogram when they wanted to pen down in a more detailed and nuanced fashion. The sheer variety of the Mayan hieroglyphics made it possible for the Mayan to have a very flexible writing system. Mayan hieroglyphics had a total of 150 syllabograms. This is why it is called a syllabogram since it’s a symbolic representation of a single syllable. Each syllable, in turn, was represented by a symbol or an image. To write down a single word or a phrase, Mayans conjoined multiple syllables and strung them together. Syllabograms comprised of individual syllables which corresponded to phonetic voices. Syllabograms were the other dominant type of alphabets, or glyphs, used in the Mayan language. According to modern researches done on the Mayan language, the hieroglyphic system of the Mayans had as many as 550 logograms. Logograms were useful for the Mayans because they served as a sort of shorthand, conveying a written message quickly and efficiently. The symbol of a logogram usually made a direct reference to the word it was used for. For instance, if a single glyph could denote the name of a Mayan fruit, it was a logogram. ![]() They were images or symbols which could be used to denote an entire word. Logograms were the more comprehensive type of Mayan glyphs. Both were extensively used in Mayan hieroglyphics. Some of these are classified as logograms by the modern scholarship while others are categorised as syllabograms. There were many different ways of spelling a single Mayan word, consequently Mayans had a large body of glyphs. Glyphs were individual units of language which usually comprised of one or more symbols and were used to denote a single phrase or a word. The hieroglyphic language of the Mayans usually comprised of the use of individual alphabets which are called glyphs. Although of obscure origins, the Mayan hieroglyphic were the only well-advanced writing system that existing in the pre-Colombian Americas. However, most researchers agree that the hieroglyphic system had already been developed and was in use much before this date. The earliest extant written proof of the hieroglyphics is dated back to sometime between 300 B.C. Researchers have been unable to peg a certain date on the origins of Mayan hieroglyphic language. Mayan hieroglyphics were also inscribed on monumental structures as part of stelas or carvings. The priests used the language to pen down books on a wide range of subjects, including books related to astronomy, religion, mythology and mathematics. The use of Mayan hieroglyphics was limited to the Mayan priestly class. The individual units in the language, or its alphabets, were called glyphs. Since the language comprised of symbols and images, resembling the language of ancient Egypt, the Spanish conquistadors termed it hieroglyphics. Mayans made use of a very well-developed and advanced written language. ![]() ![]() And be sure to get summer ready with a new pair of women's shorts. Hollister graphics are constantly updating making them totally collectible, so be on the lookout and always stay current from season to season. This one depicted a yellow happy face with crossed - out eyes and the word Nirvana. Get deep into 90s nostalgia with this Nirvana tee straight from the grunge era. Our designers are always on the uptake with current moods and trends. /rebates/welcomeurlhttps3a2f2fNirvana Band Graphic Tee. Looking for even more inspiration? Positive messages and blogger vibes go a long way when expressing your personal style, especially when paired with a super cute women's cropped hoodie and a killer pair of skinny jeans. Painterly detailed oversized graphic tees look awesome with Hollister women's sweatpants and a cute sweatshirt for a look that’s laid back yet totally on point. Discover more about the small businesses. Shop products from small business brands sold in Amazon’s store. Think beachy scenes and big city vibes to inspire a little bit of wanderlust (or, perhaps some hometown representation). Premium Graphic Tees Men - Cool Shirts Design T-Shirts S - 4XL. Photo real graphics are always a good idea. ![]() But our innovative designs go way beyond the logo. So you’ll be reppin’ Hollister while making it totally your own. Our in-house designers apply cool typography and rad embellishments to our heritage design to create a customized look with tons of character. Pair Hollister crop graphic tops with any of our skirts, jeans or joggers to create your perfect look.Ī unique spin on our signature logo is the perfect place to start. The options are endless so go for the graphic tee that speaks to you. We love the ultra-comfy oversized tee with a pair of leggings. Shop premium graphic t-shirts, hoodies & more online at Threadheads. And a killer new curved hem style that’s, dare we say, ahead of the curve. Detailed, artistic technique meets innovative, on trend design on our softest tees (in your favorite silhouettes!). Find the latest styles and fashion trends in dresses, pants, and more. From funny to artsy to attitude, these plus size shirts will suit you to a T.Looking for an easy wardrobe upgrade? Hollister graphic tees for teens keep your closet game strong with signature style loaded with personality. Price and other details may vary based on product size and color. Discover our amazing collection of T-shirts at Stradivarius. Love music? Show off your taste with plus size band tees by everyone from Nirvana to Metallica to Guns N’ Roses, along with plus size hip hop tees featuring Wu-Tang Clan, Death Row Records and more. With a varied selection of plus size tees, including plus size Steven Rhodes t shirts and other pop culture faves, you’ll always look your best. They’re the perfect way to bring the fright right into your wardrobe.įind the latest in stylish, fun plus size t shirts right here. ![]() If you love horror movies like Friday the 13th, It, Annabelle, Killer Klowns from Outer Space and Halloween, or can’t get enough of killer doll Chucky, these tees are for you. ![]() Official licensed Nirvana Merchandise T-shirt, Hoodie, & Vintage Tee at Rockabilia. Ready, set, scream! Celebrate your favorite onscreen killers with the best in horror t shirts. Seattle alternative/grunge band Nirvana still remains one of the most popular bands of all time, even though their last album, ‘In Utero,’ came out all the way back in 1993, and their last performance took place in early 1994 before. Get ready to make new friends at the bar by quoting your favorite movie together! Anime T ShirtsĪnime lovers: this one is for you! Our Anime t shirts are perfect for every fan, and will add a little extra somethin’ somethin’ to your stylish look! Rock one of these tees on a casual night out, to a con, or while you’re chillin’ at home. Who doesn’t love a good flick? When you rock an officially licensed movie t shirt, you’ll be sure to always have a solid conversation starter. Whether you’re a rap lover or love listening to old school classics, we’ve got you covered. With plenty of trends for you to discover. ![]() Free Returns Free Shipping 1000+ New Arrivals Dropped Daily Shop online for the latest Nirvana Graphic Tee at SHEIN. 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Step up your style when you shop at Spencer’s for the best graphic tees around. ![]() ![]() Papparelle, paparele (Veneto) paspardelle (Marche) Similar to perciatelli, but folded over rather than hollowed out Reginette, frese, tagliatelle nervate, signorine, trinette, ricciarelle, sfresatine, nastri, nastrini ![]() Named in honor of Princess Mafalda of Savoy Long rectangular ribbons with ruffled sides. ![]() īardele, lasagnoni ( Veneto) capellasci ( Liguria) sagne ( Salento) lagana ( Apulia) the fluted version can also be doppio festone, sciabo, sciablo Possibly from Latin lasanum or Greek lasonon, "Cooking pot", or the Greco-Roman laganum, a flat piece of bread. The square of pasta is lasagna while the dish is lasagne Square or rectangle sheets of pasta that sometimes have fluted edges ( lasagne ricce). Vibo Valentia ( Calabria), Avellino ( Campania) īavettine, bavette fini, radichini, linguettine Lasagnette, fettucce, ramicce, sagne įilleda, filateddhi, filatelli, fusilli avellinesi, maccaruni aru ferru, ricci di donna Little ribbons: from affettare, "to slice". Ribbon of pasta approximately 6.5 millimeters wide. Possibly from the thin iron square used to create the cleft. Similar to a twisted buccato with a cleft running on the side Capelli d'angelo are slightly thinner.Īngel Hair, Capelli d'angelo, cabellos de angel, capelvenere, fidelini, fedelini, cappellini, sopracappellini, capellini fini, bassetti, tagliolini a nido, barbine a nido, ramicia, vrimiciddi ![]() Very thin spaghetti, often coiled into nests. Subioti, fusarioi, maccheroni bobbesi, busa, ciuffolitti (Abruzzo), gnocchi del ferro Often coiled around a twig of local weed. Hollow straws Translated from Italian: buco, meaning "hole", and Italian: bucato, meaning "pierced".īoccolotti, perciatellini, foratini, fidelini bucati, fide bucate, agoni bucati, spilloni bucati Thick spaghetti-like pasta with a hole running through the center įrom bigolaro, the pasta press used to make bigoli Long pasta may be made by extrusion or rolling and cutting.īaverine, bavettine, lasagneddi (in Sicily) In Italian, all pasta type names are plural. Other suffixes like -otti ("largish") and -acci ("rough", "badly made") may also occur. ![]() Italian pasta names often end with the masculine plural diminutive suffixes -ini, -elli, -illi, -etti or the feminine plurals -ine, -elle etc., all conveying the sense of "little" or with the augmentative suffixes -oni, -one, meaning "large". Manufacturers and cooks often invent new shapes of pasta, or may rename pre-existing shapes for marketing reasons. For example, the cut rotelle is also called ruote in Italy and wagon wheels in the United States. Some pasta varieties are uniquely regional and not widely known many types have different names based on region or language. Yet, due to the variety of shapes and regional variants, "one man's gnocchetto can be another's strascinato". They are usually sorted by size, being long ( pasta lunga), short ( pasta corta), stuffed ( ripiena), cooked in broth ( pastina), stretched ( strascinati) or in dumpling-like form ( gnocchi/gnocchetti). There are many different varieties of pasta. Some different colours and shapes of pasta in a pasta specialty store in Venice For list of dishes prepared using pasta, see List of pasta dishes. ![]() ![]() ![]() It was asleep for so long, people forgot that it ever existed. This Pokémon slept for aeons while in the form of a statue. It absorbs metal that it then uses in battle. In times past, it worked together with a king of the people to save the Galar region. This Pokémon has no Pokédex entries in Brilliant Diamond, Shining Pearl, and Legends: Arceus. Game data Pokédex entries This Pokémon was unavailable prior to Generation VIII. Zamazenta appears as part of the Zacian & Zamazenta Spirit. In the TCG Main article: Zamazenta (TCG) Other appearances Super Smash Bros. The Legends Awaken! (Part 1), playing the same role as it did in the anime. Henry and Casey encountered it and Zacian in the Slumbering Weald, though their attempt to fight off the two Pokémon revealed they were merely illusions. Zamazenta debuted in Ooh Shiny!! Legendary Equipment. ![]() Zamazenta in Pokémon Adventures Pokémon Adventures This Pokémon does not match any recorded data.Ī Zamazenta briefly appeared in its Hero of Many Battles form in GOTCHA!.Ī Zamazenta appeared in a flashback in The Champion, where it entered its Crowned Shield form and battled Eternatus alongside Victor, Hop, and Zacian, putting a stop to the Darkest Day. Minor appearances Pokédex entries Episode In the intro segment of Getting More Than You Battled For!, it was at the altar of the Slumbering Weald. The Legends Awaken!, where it entered its Crowned Shield form and battled Eternatus with Zacian, defeating it. Zamazenta reappeared in Sword and Shield: "From Here to Eternatus!", where it led Goh and Sonia to the altar where they found the Rusted Sword and Shield. Goh encountered it in the Slumbering Weald before it disappeared. Zamazenta debuted in its Hero of Many Battles form in Sword and Shield, Slumbering Weald!. Ĭrowned Shield Zamazenta in the anime Major appearances Hero duo (anime) By using Behemoth Bash, it is said to be able to bore holes through mountains. By bashing with its full might, it is said that Zamazenta's power can cause cracks in the land, and that the resulting shockwaves can knock out hundreds of enemies.Ĭrowned Shield Zamazenta is the only known Pokémon capable of learning the move Behemoth Bash. Its resolve does not falter, and it charges at its enemies head on. The shield has tremendous strength, capable of withstanding scratches from the sharp claws of Dragon-type Pokémon and attacks from Dynamax Pokémon. Zamazenta uses its golden shield to fend off attacks and as a weapon. Zamazenta's regal and majestic movements enable it to overwhelm opponents who face off against it. When together with Zacian in their Crowned forms, it cancels out the power of Eternatus, even in its Eternamax state. In legends, it was known as the Fighting Master's Shield due to its ability to deflect any attacks. Crowned Shield is Zamazenta's true form, and it is at its full power in this form. Zamazenta has two forms: Hero of Many Battles and Crowned Shield.īy absorbing metal particles, Zamazenta can change to its Crowned Shield form in battle. Zamazenta is also the only known Pokémon that can have Dauntless Shield as an Ability. Even though it is not capable of Dynamaxing, Zamazenta may still go berserk when bombarded by Dyanamax energy. Zamazenta can also cast illusions, including a projection of itself, even as a statue. It can turn itself into a statue and slumber for eons. It worked together with the two ancient kings of the region to save it from Eternatus's Darkest Day. In the past, Zamazenta was feared and respected by the people of Galar. It is believed to be the younger sibling or the rival of Zacian. Its ponytail also grows to cover most of its backside. The Crowned Shield form causes Zamazenta to generate a set of golden armor covering the front of its body like a shield while the side portion normally covers its forelimbs, it can slide forward to allow Zamazenta to use Behemoth Bash or protect itself from frontal attacks more effectively. ![]() Its head and neck have thick fur resembling a shield. Its body is covered in battle scars and part of its right ear is missing. Its tail and ponytail are a deep blue it also has deep blue accents on its neck and forelimbs. In its Hero of Many Battles form, Zamazenta is a large magenta lupine Pokémon with yellow eyes, a bulky frame, and a ponytail on its head. It is a member of the hero duo with Zacian. Zamazenta is the game mascot of Pokémon Shield, appearing on its boxart in its Crowned Shield form. Its original form, Hero of Many Battles, will then become the dual-type Fighting/ Steel Crowned Shield. While it is not known to evolve into or from any other Pokémon, Zamazenta has a second form activated by giving it a Rusted Shield to hold. Zamazenta ( Japanese: ザマゼンタ Zamazenta) is a Fighting-type Legendary Pokémon introduced in Generation VIII. ![]() If the connection is too tight to loosen with your fingers, use a small wrench to loosen it. Note: The connectors on the end of your cable simply unscrew and screw on. This provides electricity for the booster's internal amplifier. Plug the antenna booster into a wall output.C onnect another cable to the "output" of the antenna booster, and connect the other end to your television.Leave the other end connected to the antenna connection on the wall. Unscrew the television cable from your television and connect it to the "input" of the booster.If you have been instructed to use a signal booster, follow these steps: You may find that a signal booster is the best way to resolve your issue. If you are experiencing reception issues, it is advised that you talk to a specialist to check your signal. In some cases though, minor reception issues can be rectified by using a booster, which boosts the signal from your antenna. Do not forget to tell us which of the methods you liked most.Free-to-air digital television reception varies from house-to-house.Īccording to the MySwitch website "poorly maintained, broken or incorrectly set up rooftop antenna systems are the most common cause of TV reception difficulties". However, it needs some effort for proper adjustment.Īlternately, you can try other two ways to make a permanent TV antenna amplifier at home. ![]() This is the simplest and instant way to boost your TV antenna signal. We have told you three easy methods to make an amplifier for your antenna.Ī no-construction method is also included. We hope you will find our guide very useful. Adjust the antenna to the point where signals are clearer.Īlso Read: Best Speakers For TV Final Words
![]() ![]() Her work has appeared in Food & Wine, Eating Well, The Wall Street Journal, SevenFifty Daily, VinePair, Wine Enthusiast, Travel & Leisure, and more. Why Trust ?īetsy Andrews is a freelance journalist specializing in food and drink, travel, and the environment and has been writing about wine and spirits for two decades. Some less-polished sakes are easier to sip when warm. But pungent junmai and other sakes that are made from rice that’s been milled less can hold up to the heat and still deliver wonderful flavor. You lose all the fragrance that makes it so great that way. Very delicate, floral daiginjo is not meant for heating. How do you know if you should drink it cold or hot? It clocks in around 15 percent to 18 percent ABV. Though some sakes, like the Gekkeikan Zipang Sparkling, are low in alcohol, most sake is higher in alcohol than wine. After that, the sake may be filtered and pasteurized, mixed with some alcohol, or aged. Then the mash is pressed to extract the sake. The rice is milled, washed, steamed, and then inoculated with koji and yeast, then mixed with water to create a mash that ferments. Sake is made using four basic ingredients: rice, which is normally polished to remove the outer layers and expose the starchy interior koji, a type of mold that grows on rice which aids in fermentation yeast for fermenting and water-lots of it. Importers try hard to explain the sakes they bring into the country, so the brewery’s website or its importer’s website can yield information about the integrity of the product and the process by which it was made. Though a touch of added alcohol is perfectly fine, the sake should not include other additives. Sake should be made with pure spring water, high-quality rice, and carefully made koji. Try a range of bottles, and when you find a sake you like, go deeper into that style. Still, others like kimoto sake have to do with the way the yeast starter is prepared. Others have to do with whether the sake is filtered, has added alcohol, carbonation, etc. Some styles are dictated by how much the rice used to make it is milled. There are many styles of sake, among them finely crafted, perfumed daiginjo mushroomy, characterful junmai milky, sweet nigori bubbly sparkling sake and more. But if you’re more into umami flavors, go for a junmai like Shichida (find it at ). If you like your drinks fruity and fragrant, daiginjos like the Nanbu Bijin "Southern Beauty" (view it on ) will give you what you want. The following is a list of the best sake to drink right now, according to the experts. Whatever your preference, we recommend Hakkaisan Tokubetsu Junmai for a classic and versatile choice. “In general, expensive sake is made with rice that’s been polished down 50 percent or more.” With the bran, proteins, and fat removed, the sake comes out “lighter-bodied and fragrant.” But if you’re looking for a bolder, earthier flavor, you might try a sake made from rice that’s been more gently milled. How do you choose among sakes? “Price point is an easy start,” says sake sommelier Chizuko Niikawa, founder of the spirits consultancy Sake Discoveries. “It’s more about harmony: matching textures and layers of umami.” “Most have no tannins, and they’re low in acidity, so classic food pairings don’t work,” says Samuels. Yet, you can’t treat sake as you would sauvignon blanc. That’s where the beer comparisons stop because largely non-carbonated sake has an alcohol content-and elegance-closer to that of wine. The freshness of the water begets a fresh drink. The cold from the snow alone chills the tanks to 3C for 3 years, with no electricity used. Using 1,000 tons of snow, the sake tanks sit along side the snow pile in a large insulated room. This is a large snow storage cellar at the hakkaisan brewery. Japan’s rice-based elixir is brewed, and like beer, says Samuels, its texture, structure, and minerality are dependent on the water source-often a pure mountain spring. This Junmai Ginjo sake is aged for 3 years in tank at the Hakkaisan Yuki Muro building. Water that flows from the mountain is used to produce its sake.“Sake is built like a beer, but it drinks like a wine,” says Monica Samuels, director of sake and spirits at Vine Connections and a Sake Samurai, a title bestowed on experts by the Japan Sake Brewers Association. ![]() ![]() It has a fruity bouquet, elegant sweetness, and refreshing, bubbly mouthfeel.īrewery: Hakkaisan Brewery Co., LTD (founded:1922)įounded in 1922, Hakkaisan Brewery is situated at the foot of Mount Hakkai in Niigata. It's fine, beautiful bubbles are expressed when poured into a glass. The secret to these bubbles that burst in your mouth is "bottle conditioning." The additional fermentation within the bottle, naturally carbonates the sake. Tasting Notes: This clear, sparkling sake features fun and delicate bubbles. ![]() Can be enjoyed before meal, and lends itself to Japanese and Western foods, as well as dessert. ![]() ![]() Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average model with exogenous (external) variable (ARIMA(X)) is widely used for epidemics, as it has been shown that it can successfully handle Internet data, and also for measurement and forecast 10– 12. ![]() In recent years, advanced statistical models have been used to analyze and interpret these data. Nevertheless, that work does not answer the question about which one is best as a data source: Google or Twitter.Ĭomputer technology offers nowadays many useful tools for mining the Web. Some previous research use both data sources for health purposes, such as the recent work of Jung et al. ![]() It has been found that nearly two thirds (65.70%) of Internet data fulfill the previous goal originating from the Google Search engine and Twitter 8. ![]() Previous works used the Google search engine or social media to track or discuss epidemics, and these two are the main sources for detecting and predicting the spread, the size and the peak of serious diseases. The latter approach considers social media data as a word cloud, from which useful metrics and results can be measured and studied. In addition, recent advances cover the analysis of real-time data or even the sentiment of the data found inside social media 7, such as Twitter. Some researchers further extend this approach to benefit from Internet of Things (IoT) technologies 6. Also, in some cases, infection dynamics are discussed 3– 5 based on complex networks of exogenous transmitting or environmental factors. Some of these tools 2 combine risk management, signal processing and econometrics to construct a novel method towards a forecast of disease outbreaks in Europe. These models also include event-based surveillance (EBS) systems and risk modelling 1 and use available Internet data to detect the evidence of an emerging threat, such as the onset of an epidemic. Results show that this approach may provide a complementary source to detect and predict the volume and spread of unfolding for severe epidemics. However, several studies have recently included non-epidemiological data obtained through the Internet as an alternative, concretely data extracted from search engines or messages interchanged in social media. Traditional systems and techniques mainly use epidemiological data, such as medical data or health log files obtained from doctors and hospitals. The early detection and prediction of the spread of epidemics is an important concern in public health. The alternative model is slightly worse than the ARIMA(X) ( R = 0.863, MAPE = 22.614), but with a higher mean deviation (abs. Google data show a high Pearson correlation and a relatively low Mean Absolute Percentage Error ( R = 0.933, MAPE = 21.358). Results indicate that influenza was successfully monitored during the test period. The data were analyzed by using two models: the ARIMA model computed estimations based on weekly sums and a customized approximate model which uses daily sums. ![]() Data on influenza in Greece have been collected from Google and Twitter and they have been compared to influenza data from the official authority of Europe. Data have been acquired from the Internet by means of a system which gathered real-time data for 23 weeks. Concretely, this study aims at gathering evidence on which kind of data source leads to better results. This paper reports the feasibility of building such a system with search engine and social network data. In diverse cases, electronic surveillance systems can be created by obtaining and analyzing on-line data, complementing other existing monitoring resources. Internet technologies have demonstrated their value for the early detection and prediction of epidemics. ![]() |
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